Tutorial excel long section untuk pclp3/13/2023 ![]() Some of these proteins are effectors that act to break down plant extracellular immunity through their biochemical functions. Recently, apoplastic proteins have been recognized as an exciting resource for identifying new MAMPs. MAMPs comprise a wide category of molecules such as bacterial flagellin, elongation factors, peptidoglycan and fungal cell wall chitin (Newman et al., 2013). ![]() ![]() To defend against invading microbes, plants have evolved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) in the apoplastic interface and activate innate immunity (Boller & He, 2009 Miao et al., 2019). The plant apoplast is the extracellular compartment serving as a major battlefield for plant–pathogen interactions (Du et al., 2016).
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